10 Easy Steps for Common Carp Fish Farming

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Common carp fish farming business in the freshwater pond is a popular business in some areas, especially in India, Bangladesh, China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, and other Asian countries.

It is one of the most copious and widely distributed fish in Hawkeye State. It was at first introduced into our waters from European countries about more than a century ago, and since then this fish species has cultivated into almost all waters.

They live in intimately every stream, river, man-made artificial lake, and natural lake unlettered specific effort has been made to eradicate them. They are least usual in cold water streams and commercial farm ponds.

Common Carp Fish Farming Business
Common Carp Fish; Image: research.umn.edu

General Information

Common carp is very available throughout the world but mostly cultured in Asia and Europe vastly. It is amidst the very old fish species, and its history as a raised fish dates back to Roman times.

The common carp fish farming business is very profitable as it is used as food in most areas where it is raised. Sometimes it is considered a cuss in some regions or countries, because of its power to outcropping native fish species.

At present, the popularization of commercial common carp fish farming business is getting very high. Common carp is gaining popularity primarily because of its fast maturation and ability to adjust to many atmospheric conditions.

Common carp fish business is very easy in Bangladesh because it can endure salinity up to about 5% and the optimum pH range for common carp fish farming is 6.5 to 9.0 which are noticeable, and the fish species can survive cold winter periods.

As the popularity of poly-culture of different carp fish species is increasing, so the popularity of commercial common carp fish farming business with other freshwater fish species like Rui, Mrigal, Catla, or others is increasing.

Characteristics of Common Carp

Common carp is a large minnow which is mainly cultivated in freshwater, with grownups considering up to 50 pounds or even more. Its gamey body is compressed laterally, and a soft, thickset mouth opens ventral placentation.

A hardy, saw-toothed, acanthus ray at the leading edge of the dorsal and anal fins are a typical physical feature. There are more than 16 easygoing rays in the abaxial fin and more than 4 soft rays in the anal-retentive fin.

Thoracic fin soft rays are 14 to 17, and pelvic fin soft rays are 8 to 9. A visible feeler extends from the bottom corner of the upper jaw and a smaller, less visible one is found along the side of the upper jaw in its mouth. The sidelong line is complete and has 33 to 44 scales.

Their body’s scales are largely comparing their size and a diamond-shaped appears and has a black dot in the front of each scale. The body is gray to olive dorsally, golden-yellow to bronzy-golden laterally, and yellowish-white ventrally.

How to Start Common Carp Fish Farming

Common carp fish farming business is not so difficult. Most of the beginners do not face any problem to run common carp fish farming business commercially.

So if you want to start a common carp fish farming business mind that starting a commercial common carp fish farming business is very easy and simple, even for the beginners it will be easy so anyone can start this business without prior experience strongly.

Here we are trying to describe more information about starting common carp fish farming business commercially.

1. Site Selection

First of all, you have to select a land or site for pond construction and common carp fish farming business. But in the case of common fish farming, the pond must be far from the residential area.

The pond bank has to be higher to the flooded land. The pond area must be free from the noisy area. You have to also consider the availability of full sun while selecting the site.

2. Pond Design and Construction

Pond design is very much important in the case of common carp fish farming business commercially.  Generally growing of fish largely depends on pond size and design. Most fish farming ponds usually rectangular in shape. In the case of pond construction, you can use either manual labor or a machine for constructing the pond.

And the size of the pond can be any depending on your available land and cost of land. But for commercial fish farming, we recommend selecting at least one-acre pond. Finally, you have to construct a dike properly in the pond. So after selecting land you have to do these fast.

Earthen Pond Construction
Earthen Pond Construction; Image: nsfarmhouse.com

3. Pond Preparation

After constructing a perfect pond, you have to prepare it before stocking fish into it. Pond preparation is containing two things first is watering the pond with fresh water and the second one is greening the pond with natural feed.

To create the natural or organic feed in the pond you can apply lime and both organic and inorganic fertilizers in the pond.  

4. Seed Collection

To start a common carp fish farming business you need better seed for better output. Breeding occurs from April to June when the adhesive material or eggs are scattered or broke up in the low dip water over vegetation, grass, debris, logs, or rocks. Spattering carp, with their bookbinding out of the water, maybe seen in low dip waters during spring.

Female common carp fish can spawn more than 500,000 eggs within several days, allowing for several thousand at each breeding site.

Though the hatchery-based seed is the most effective and reliable if you have the option to collect the seed for nature like Bangladesh and India then it will be better for better production. The brooding fish are generally kept in water saturated with oxygen in which the temperature range is 200C to 240C.

They are provided 2 doses of pituitary body gland injection. And then the incubation is carried out in zouk jars. Then the fry or kiddies are kept generally in large cone-shaped tanks for about 3 days.

5. Rearing the Fingerlings

Rearing the fingerlings is a very important task in the case of commercial common carp fish farming business. The common carp fingerlings are raised generally in semi-intensive ponds but very carefully.

In this pond, they are allowed to keep for some time or until they reach about 20 grams bodyweight of fingerlings in size.

6. Stocking in the Main Pond

When the fingerlings reach around 20 grams bodyweight, then you have to stock them into the main pond, but keep in mind that before stocking in the main pond the pond must be fulfilled with natural or artificial feeds.

Generally, the common carp fish is stocked with other fish species like Grass carp, Rui, Mrigal, Catla, or Silver Carp fishes. And you can stock a total of up to 25,000 fish in a one-acre pond.

7. Feeding

Proper feed supply is very much important for common carp fish farming business commercially. Generally, the common carp fish are omnivorous. In most cases, they are feed on natural or biological foods, though sometimes they are appended with compounded farm-made or commercial feeds for growing fast.

Naturally, common carp are omnivorous feeders and prefer taking both vegetable and animal matter. Aquatic insects, crustacean, and tinny shellfish make up the lion’s share of their daily diet. They are especially fond of crank roots and shoots of young aquatic plants, planktons, and big amount of vegetation and silt in their look for food.

8. Harvesting

In the case of commercial common carp fish farming business, the fishes generally reach maturity within 3 to 4 months. But if you provide properly feed in the pond then it may happen before your expectation.

Though it is a commercial farm so harvesting is very much important for the common carp fish farming business.  You can harvest the fish from the pond by using fishing nets or dry up the pond.

9. Marketing

To make a profit everything is important marketing is not out of them. Marketing policy must be updated. Generally, people sell their fish in the local market but as a commercial businessman, you must take some initiative for marketing success.

In the case of marketing first, you have to consider the market demand and market price and cost-benefit analysis of marketing.  The second one is time, which means sell the fish as soon as possible after harvesting.

10. Keep a Note

Finally, keep a note of this project. Keeping note of any kinds of projects is very much important and crucial. The note will help you to make further decisions even to calculate the profit or loss of the project. It will also help you to find out the pitfall of your project and show the way of solution and to become a successful fish farming business.

These are the common steps for raising and common carp fish farming business commercially. So as you learn that commercial common carp fish farming business along with other carp fish species is very profitable as well as easy to farm and you can start this business. As aquaculture, its economic importance is also indescribable. So let’s start…


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